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Azure Service Bus SDK for Python
Enterprise messaging for reliable cloud communication with queues and pub/sub topics.
Installation
pip install azure-servicebus azure-identity
Environment Variables
SERVICEBUS_FULLY_QUALIFIED_NAMESPACE=<namespace>.servicebus.windows.net
SERVICEBUS_QUEUE_NAME=myqueue
SERVICEBUS_TOPIC_NAME=mytopic
SERVICEBUS_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME=mysubscription
Authentication
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
from azure.servicebus import ServiceBusClient
credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
namespace = "<namespace>.servicebus.windows.net"
client = ServiceBusClient(
fully_qualified_namespace=namespace,
credential=credential
)
Client Types
Client Purpose Get From ServiceBusClientConnection management Direct instantiation ServiceBusSenderSend messages client.get_queue_sender() / get_topic_sender()ServiceBusReceiverReceive messages client.get_queue_receiver() / get_subscription_receiver()
Send Messages (Async)
import asyncio
from azure.servicebus.aio import ServiceBusClient
from azure.servicebus import ServiceBusMessage
from azure.identity.aio import DefaultAzureCredential
async def send_messages():
credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
async with ServiceBusClient(
fully_qualified_namespace="<namespace>.servicebus.windows.net",
credential=credential
) as client:
sender = client.get_queue_sender(queue_name="myqueue")
async with sender:
# Single message
message = ServiceBusMessage("Hello, Service Bus!")
await sender.send_messages(message)
# Batch of messages
messages = [ServiceBusMessage(f"Message {i}") for i in range(10)]
await sender.send_messages(messages)
# Message batch (for size control)
batch = await sender.create_message_batch()
for i in range(100):
try:
batch.add_message(ServiceBusMessage(f"Batch message {i}"))
except ValueError: # Batch full
await sender.send_messages(batch)
batch = await sender.create_message_batch()
batch.add_message(ServiceBusMessage(f"Batch message {i}"))
await sender.send_messages(batch)
asyncio.run(send_messages())
Receive Messages (Async) async def receive_messages():
credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
async with ServiceBusClient(
fully_qualified_namespace="<namespace>.servicebus.windows.net",
credential=credential
) as client:
receiver = client.get_queue_receiver(queue_name="myqueue")
async with receiver:
# Receive batch
messages = await receiver.receive_messages(
max_message_count=10,
max_wait_time=5 # seconds
)
for msg in messages:
print(f"Received: {str(msg)}")
await receiver.complete_message(msg) # Remove from queue
asyncio.run(receive_messages())
Receive Modes Mode Behavior Use Case PEEK_LOCK (default)Message locked, must complete/abandon Reliable processing RECEIVE_AND_DELETERemoved immediately on receive At-most-once delivery
from azure.servicebus import ServiceBusReceiveMode
receiver = client.get_queue_receiver(
queue_name="myqueue",
receive_mode=ServiceBusReceiveMode.RECEIVE_AND_DELETE
)
Message Settlement async with receiver:
messages = await receiver.receive_messages(max_message_count=1)
for msg in messages:
try:
# Process message...
await receiver.complete_message(msg) # Success - remove from queue
except ProcessingError:
await receiver.abandon_message(msg) # Retry later
except PermanentError:
await receiver.dead_letter_message(
msg,
reason="ProcessingFailed",
error_description="Could not process"
)
Action Effect complete_message()Remove from queue (success) abandon_message()Release lock, retry immediately dead_letter_message()Move to dead-letter queue defer_message()Set aside, receive by sequence number
Topics and Subscriptions # Send to topic
sender = client.get_topic_sender(topic_name="mytopic")
async with sender:
await sender.send_messages(ServiceBusMessage("Topic message"))
# Receive from subscription
receiver = client.get_subscription_receiver(
topic_name="mytopic",
subscription_name="mysubscription"
)
async with receiver:
messages = await receiver.receive_messages(max_message_count=10)
Sessions (FIFO) # Send with session
message = ServiceBusMessage("Session message")
message.session_id = "order-123"
await sender.send_messages(message)
# Receive from specific session
receiver = client.get_queue_receiver(
queue_name="session-queue",
session_id="order-123"
)
# Receive from next available session
from azure.servicebus import NEXT_AVAILABLE_SESSION
receiver = client.get_queue_receiver(
queue_name="session-queue",
session_id=NEXT_AVAILABLE_SESSION
)
Scheduled Messages from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
message = ServiceBusMessage("Scheduled message")
scheduled_time = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=10)
# Schedule message
sequence_number = await sender.schedule_messages(message, scheduled_time)
# Cancel scheduled message
await sender.cancel_scheduled_messages(sequence_number)
Dead-Letter Queue from azure.servicebus import ServiceBusSubQueue
# Receive from dead-letter queue
dlq_receiver = client.get_queue_receiver(
queue_name="myqueue",
sub_queue=ServiceBusSubQueue.DEAD_LETTER
)
async with dlq_receiver:
messages = await dlq_receiver.receive_messages(max_message_count=10)
for msg in messages:
print(f"Dead-lettered: {msg.dead_letter_reason}")
await dlq_receiver.complete_message(msg)
Sync Client (for simple scripts) from azure.servicebus import ServiceBusClient, ServiceBusMessage
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
with ServiceBusClient(
fully_qualified_namespace="<namespace>.servicebus.windows.net",
credential=DefaultAzureCredential()
) as client:
with client.get_queue_sender("myqueue") as sender:
sender.send_messages(ServiceBusMessage("Sync message"))
with client.get_queue_receiver("myqueue") as receiver:
for msg in receiver:
print(str(msg))
receiver.complete_message(msg)
Best Practices
Use async client for production workloadsUse context managers (async with) for proper cleanupComplete messages after successful processingUse dead-letter queue for poison messagesUse sessions for ordered, FIFO processingUse message batches for high-throughput scenariosSet max_wait_time to avoid infinite blocking
Reference Files File Contents references/patterns.md Competing consumers, sessions, retry patterns, request-response, transactions references/dead-letter.md DLQ handling, poison messages, reprocessing strategies scripts/setup_servicebus.py CLI for queue/topic/subscription management and DLQ monitoring
When to Use This skill is applicable to execute the workflow or actions described in the overview.
Limitations
Use this skill only when the task clearly matches the scope described above.
Do not treat the output as a substitute for environment-specific validation, testing, or expert review.
Stop and ask for clarification if required inputs, permissions, safety boundaries, or success criteria are missing.
