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skills/google-deepmind/science-skills/literature-search-openalex

literature-search-openalex

Official1
google-deepmind/science-skills·Research·Audit failed·Snapshot fd0c314f99a2
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Summary

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SKILL.md

OpenAlex Skill

Prerequisites

  1. uv: Read the uv skill and follow its Setup instructions to ensure uv is installed and on PATH.
  2. User Notification: If .licenses/literature_search_openalex_LICENSE.txt does not already exist in the workspace root directory then (1) prominently notify the user to check the terms at https://developers.openalex.org/ and to always check the license of the papers retrieved by the skill for any restrictions, then (2) create the file recording the notification text and timestamp.
  3. .env file: Make sure the .env file exists in your home directory. Create one if it does not exist.
  4. OPENALEX_API_KEY (optional but recommended): Enables the OpenAlex Premium API with higher rate limits. The skill works without it (using the free "polite pool"). You can obtain a key at OpenAlex.org → account settings. You MUST use the safe credentials protocol in the credentials skill to check for and request this key if this skill looks relevant to the user's request.

Core Rules

  1. List Sources. If this skill is used, ensure this is mentioned in the output AND list the URLs of all papers that were used in producing the output.
  2. Resolve before filter. NEVER filter by name. Always resolve a name to an ID first, then use that ID in --filter.
  3. Use the CLI only. Never call the API via curl/urllib. The CLI handles retries and rate limiting.
  4. No fabrication. Never invent OpenAlex IDs or DOIs. Use resolve/get to look them up. Report empty results accurately.
  5. API key. If a command returns 401/429 or you need high-volume queries, you MUST use the safe credentials protocol in the skill to check for and request the to help the user add it to their file.
credentials
OPENALEX_API_KEY
.env
  • Keep output small. Always use --select and --per-page 5–10 for overview queries. Pipe filter output to a file (> results.json), then slim with jq before reading into context.
  • Rate Limits

    • With key: ~10 req/s, $1/day free budget.
    • Without key: Very limited, $0.01/day budget.
    OperationCost
    Singleton getFree
    filter$0.0001
    --search / resolve$0.001
    download-pdf$0.01

    CLI Reference

    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py [--api-key KEY] <command> [flags]
    

    Entity types (shared across commands): works, authors, sources, institutions, topics, domains, fields, subfields, sdgs, countries, continents, languages, keywords, publishers, funders, work-types, source-types, institution-types, licenses

    Commands

    resolve <entity> <query> — Name → ID candidates. Returns id, display_name, hint. Use --per-page N for more candidates.

    get <entity> <id> — Full metadata for one entity. Accepts short ID (W2741809807), full URL, or DOI URL. Use --select to limit fields.

    filter <entity> — Search/filter entities. Key flags are:

    • --search <query>: Full-text search (10× cost of --filter)
    • --filter <expr>: Filter expressions. Use , for AND and | for OR.
    • --sort <field:dir>: Sort results (e.g., cited_by_count:desc)
    • --select <fields>: Limit the fields returned in the output.
    • --group-by <field>: Aggregate results by a specific field.
    • --per-page <N>: Number of results per page (default 25, max 100).
    • --page <N>: Specify the page number to retrieve.
    • --sample <N>: Get a random sample of up to 10,000 results.
    • --seed <N>: Seed for reproducible sampling.

    download-pdf <work-id> <output-path> — Download PDF (requires API key). Falls back to alternative pdf_url locations if primary fails. Whenever you download a PDF, verify it is not empty or corrupted.

    rate-limit — Check current rate limit status (requires API key).

    Search Tips

    • If resolve returns no matches, try alternate spellings or abbreviations.
    • If --search returns 0 results, try broader terms (max 3 retries).
    • If resolve returns multiple candidates, present them to the user with display_name and hint for manual selection.

    Entity References

    Consult references/ for valid filter, sort, and group-by fields per entity:

    • Works — Authors — Sources
    • Institutions — Topics — Taxonomy
    • Geo & Language — Publishers & Funders
    • Type Values

    Common Workflows

    # Author's works (resolve → filter)
    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py resolve authors "Geoffrey Hinton"
    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py filter works \
      --filter "authorships.author.id:A5108093963" \
      --sort "cited_by_count:desc" --per-page 10 > papers.json
    cat papers.json | jq '[.results[] | {id, title: .display_name, year: .publication_year, citations: .cited_by_count}]'
    
    # DOI lookup
    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py get works "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2"
    
    # Bulk DOI lookup (up to 100)
    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py filter works \
      --filter "doi:10.1234/a|10.1234/b|10.1234/c" --per-page 100 > results.json
    
    # Institutional impact by year
    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py resolve institutions "MIT"
    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py filter works \
      --filter "authorships.institutions.id:I63966007" \
      --group-by "publication_year" > mit_by_year.json
    
    # Random sample
    uv run scripts/openalex_cli.py filter works \
      --filter "publication_year:2023,is_oa:true" \
      --sample 100 --seed 42 > results.json
    

    Error Handling

    CodeMeaningAction
    401UnauthorizedYou MUST use safe credentials
    : : : protocol in credentials skill :
    : : : to help user add API key to :
    : : : .env :
    403Plan upgrade neededInform user; see
    : : : https://openalex.org/pricing :
    404Not foundVerify ID; try resolve
    : : : first :
    429Rate limitedWait and retry; you MUST use
    : : : safe credentials protocol in :
    : : : credentials skill to help :
    : : : user add API key to .env :

    Known premium-only filters: from_updated_date, to_updated_date.

    Never fabricate results on empty responses — report accurately and suggest alternate search terms.

    Related skills

    alphafold-database-fetch-and-analyzealphagenome-single-variant-analysischembl-databaseclinical-trials-databaseclinvar-database